Difference between revisions of "Liquid loading"

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[[Liquid loading]] is a phenomenon when the gas phase does't provide sufficient transport energy to lift the liquids out of the well.
 
[[Liquid loading]] is a phenomenon when the gas phase does't provide sufficient transport energy to lift the liquids out of the well.
  
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To avoid [[Liquid loading]] the gas rates needs to be maximized.
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To avoid [[Liquid loading]] the gas rate needs to be maximized.
  
 
To maximize the high gas rate wellhead flowing pressure needs to be minimized.
 
To maximize the high gas rate wellhead flowing pressure needs to be minimized.

Revision as of 13:15, 15 March 2017

Brief

Liquid loading is a phenomenon when the gas phase does't provide sufficient transport energy to lift the liquids out of the well.

To avoid Liquid loading the gas rate needs to be maximized.

To maximize the high gas rate wellhead flowing pressure needs to be minimized.

Math & Physics

The minimum gas velocity to remove the liquid equation:

v_g = 1.593\ \sigma^{1/4}\ \frac{({\rho_L-\rho_g})^{1/4}}{\rho_g^{1/2}}

The minimum gas rate to remove the liquid equation:

q_g = 3.06\ \frac{P\ v_g\ A}{T\ z}

Nomenclature

A = flow area, ft^2
P = flowing wellhead pressure, psia
q_g = gas rate, MMscf/d
\rho_g = gas density, lbm/ft3
\rho_L = liquid density, lbm/ft3
\sigma = surface tension, dyne/cm
T = flowing temperature, °R
v_g = gas velocity, ft/sec
z = gas compressibility factor at flowing P & T, dimensionless

References

Turner, R. G., Hubbard, M. G., and Dukler, A. E. (1969) “Analysis and Prediction of Minimum Flow Rate for the Continuous Removal of Liquids from Gas Wells,” Journal of Petroleum Technology, Nov. 1969. pp. 1475–1482.

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